Earth systems YEAR 1970 and 1971
..... air plane DATA generating EVENTS
Herb Zinser provides some data about Nature's SYMBOL MACHINE comprised of nouns, verbs, concepts, math equations, flowcharts, etc. The ideas found in math and basic science high school and college textbooks are part of the SYMBOL MACHINE.
Using Galileo's suggestions of " 2 CHIEF WORLD SYSTEMS" we now perceive Sartre existentialism as partitioned into 2 or more data spaces....... the 2 CHIEF existential entities.
1) physical reality of objects: concrete highways, iron automobiles, cellulose trees, humanoids, etc.
2) The world of symbols, concepts, process control system flowcharts, biochemistry diagrams, math and physics equations, etc.
Language in Thought and Action, S.I. Hayakawa.
Maps and Territories - Rijnlandmodel
Chapter 2 Symbols Maps and Territories
There is a sense in which we all live in two worlds
1) physical reality of objects: concrete highways, iron automobiles, cellulose trees, humanoids, etc.
2) The world of symbols, concepts, process control system flowcharts, biochemistry diagrams, math and physics equations, etc.
Language in Thought and Action, S.I. Hayakawa.
Maps and Territories - Rijnlandmodel
Chapter 2 Symbols Maps and Territories
There is a sense in which we all live in two worlds
1970
- January 5 – A Spantax Convair 990 Coronado crashes shortly after takeoff from Stockholm's Arlanda Airport when the flight crew loses control of the aircraft; five of the ten people on board are killed.
- February 4 – Aerolíneas Argentinas Flight 707, a Hawker Siddeley HS 748 operating a multi-leg flight from Paraguay to Argentina, crashes near Loma Alta when the pilots lose control of the aircraft due to severe turbulence; all 37 passengers and crew die.
- February 6 – Aeroflot Flight U-45, an Ilyushin Il-18 operating a domestic flight in Uzbekistan, crashes into a mountain on approach to Samarkand International Airport due to ATC error; 92 of the 106 people on board the aircraft were killed.
- February 15 – A Dominicana Douglas DC-9 crashes shortly after takeoff from Santo Domingo in the Dominican Republic, due to engine failure; all 102 people on board are killed.
- February 21 – Swissair Flight 330, a Convair CV-990 bound for Tel Aviv, Israel, en route to Hong Kong, crashes when a bomb detonates in the cargo hold nine minutes after takeoff from Zurich International Airport, Switzerland; all 38 passengers and nine crew die.
- March 17 – Eastern Air Lines Shuttle Flight 1320, a Douglas DC-9-31 flying from Newark, New Jersey, to Boston, Massachusetts, is hijacked by a suicidal man who shoots both pilots before being subdued; the captain makes a successful emergency landing in Boston where the hijacker is arrested; the co-pilot dies from his injuries.
- March 31 – Japan Airlines Flight 351, a Boeing 727 operating a domestic flight from Tokyo to Fukuoka, is hijacked by a Japanese Red Army faction who force the crew to proceed to North Korea after releasing 21 passengers at Fukuoka Airport; the hijackers eventually surrender and all 129 people on board the flight are unharmed.
- April 1 – Aeroflot Flight 1661, an Antonov An-24 operating a domestic flight in Russia, crashes on climbout after departing from Novosibirsk Tolmachevo Airport, due to a collision with a weather balloon; all 45 passengers and crew are killed.
- April 21 – Philippine Airlines Flight 215, a Hawker Siddeley HS 748 operating a domestic flight from Cauayan Airport to Manila International Airport, explodes in mid-air and crashes 75 miles (121 km) north of its destination, killing all 36 on board; a bomb is suspected.
- May 2 – ALM Flight 980, a Douglas DC-9 operated by Overseas National Airways, ditches into the Caribbean Sea near St. Croix, Virgin Islands, due to fuel exhaustion after several unsuccessful landing attempts at St. Maarten in the Dutch Antilles; 23 of the 63 people on board die.
- July 3 – Dan-Air Flight 1903, a de Havilland Comet 4 operating a flight from Manchester, England, to Barcelona, Spain, crashes near Arbúcies in Catalonia on approach to El Prat Josep Tarradellas Airport; all 112 people on board the aircraft are killed.
- July 5 – Air Canada Flight 621, a Douglas DC-8 operating a flight from Montreal, Canada, to Los Angeles, United States, crashes during a failed landing attempt at its scheduled stopover at Toronto Pearson International Airport, killing all 109 on board.
- August 9 – LANSA Flight 502, a Lockheed L-188 Electra turboprop operating a domestic flight in Peru, crashes shortly after takeoff from Cusco's Quispiquilla Airport due to engine failure, killing 99 of the 100 people on board, including 49 U.S. high school exchange students, as well as two on the ground.
- August 12 – China Airlines Flight 206, a NAMC YS-11, crashes into Yuan Mountain in thick fog during a severe thunderstorm, while on approach to Taipei International Airport; 14 of the 31 people on board lose their lives.
Hijacked aircraft being destroyed by PFLP at Dawson's Field in front of international press (1970)
- September 2 – Aeroflot Flight 3630, a Tupolev Tu-124 en route from southern Russia to Lithuania, crashes after the pilots lose control of the aircraft at cruise altitude between Rostov-on-Don Airport and Vilnius Airport, on the second leg of the flight; all 37 passengers and crew are killed.
- September 6 – The Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine orchestrates the Dawson's Field hijackings of El Al Flight 219 (Boeing 707), Pan Am Flight 93 (Boeing 747), Swissair Flight 100 (Douglas DC-8), TWA Flight 741 (Boeing 707), and (on September 9) BOAC Flight 775 (Vickers VC10); the unprecedented scale of the incident draws international outrage and contributes to the eventual widespread implementation of systematic air passenger screening; Flight 93 is the first ever loss of the Boeing 747.
- October 2 – A chartered Martin 4-0-4 airliner crashes into a mountain near Silver Plume, Colorado, United States, while carrying members of the Wichita State University football team to Logan, Utah, for a game; 31 of the 40 people on board are killed.
- October 15 – Aeroflot Flight 244, an Antonov An-24 flying from Georgia to Abkhazia along the Black Sea coast, is hijacked by a Lithuanian national and his 13-year-old son, who kill one flight attendant and force the plane to divert to Trabzon, Turkey, where they surrender to the Turkish government; this is the first known successful airline hijacking in the Soviet Union.
- November 14 – Southern Airways Flight 932, a chartered Douglas DC-9 flying from North Carolina to West Virginia, United States, crashes on approach to Huntington's Tri-State Airport due to pilot error; all 75 on board die, including 37 players of the Marshall University football team and eight of the coaching staff.
1971
- January 22 – An Aeroflot Antonov An-12 crashes due to icing while on approach to Surgut International Airport, RSFSR, Soviet Union, killing all 14 on board the aircraft.
- January 30 – In the 1971 Indian Airlines hijacking, a Fokker F-27 Friendship 100 operating a domestic passenger flight is hijacked en-route from Srinagar to Jammu and flown to Lahore in Pakistan where the passengers and crew are released and the plane is subsequently destroyed.
- January 31 – An Aeroflot Antonov An-12 crashes due to icing while on approach to Surgut International Airport, RSFSR, Soviet Union (under almost identical circumstances to the accident that happened on January 22, above); all seven on board are killed.
- March 31 – Aeroflot Flight 1969, an Antonov An-10, crashes on approach to Voroshilovgrad Airport (now Luhansk Airport), Ukraine following an unexplained structural failure of the right wing, killing all 65 on board.
- May 23 – Aviogenex Flight 130, a Tupolev Tu-134 flying from London's Gatwick Airport to Rijeka Airport in Croatia, crashes on landing at its destination due to pilot error, killing 78 of the 83 people on board.
- June 6 – Hughes Airwest Flight 706, a Douglas DC-9 operating a domestic flight from Los Angeles, California, to Seattle, Washington, United States, collides with a US Marine Corps McDonnell Douglas F-4B Phantom II fighter jet, and crashes into the San Gabriel Mountains near Duarte, California, killing all 49 people on board; the fighter jet pilot is also killed, but the Radar Intercept Officer successfully bails out.
- June 7 – Allegheny Airlines Flight 485, a Convair CV-580 operating a multi-leg domestic flight between Washington, D.C., and Virginia in the United States, crashes on approach to Tweed New Haven Airport, Connecticut, killing 28 of the 31 people on board.
- July 3 – Toa Domestic Airlines Flight 63, a NAMC YS-11 operating a domestic flight in Japan, crashes into Yokotsu Mountain near Hakodate Airport on Japan's Hokkaidō island, killing all 68 passengers and crew in the worst-ever disaster involving the YS-11.
- July 25 – Aeroflot Flight 1912, a Tupolev Tu-104 operating a multi-leg domestic flight between Odessa and Vladivostok in the Soviet Union, lands hard and crashes short of the runway at Irkutsk Airport, killing 97 of the 126 people on board.
- July 30 – All Nippon Airways Flight 58, a Boeing 727-200 operating a domestic flight from Sapporo to Tokyo, Japan, collides with a JASDF F-86 Sabre fighter jet at Shizukuishi near Morioka, killing all 162 passengers and crew on board; the F-86 pilot parachutes to safety, but is later arrested and charged with involuntary manslaughter.
- July 30 – Pan Am Flight 845, a Boeing 747-100 flying from Los Angeles, California, United States, to Tokyo, Japan, collides with approach lighting structures on taking off from its intermediate stop, San Francisco International Airport, and then crashes after turning back to attempt an emergency landing at the same airport; there are no fatalities but 29 of the 199 passengers are injured.
- September 4 – Alaska Airlines Flight 1866, a Boeing 727 operating a flight from Anchorage, Alaska, to Seattle, Washington, United States, crashes into a mountain in the Tongass National Forest near Juneau, Alaska, killing all 111 on board.
- September 6 – Paninternational Flight 112, a BAC One-Eleven flying from Hamburg, Germany, to Málaga, Spain, suffers dual engine failure shortly after takeoff and crashes onto the motorway near Hamburg Airport, killing 22 of the 121 people on board.
- October 2 – British European Airways Flight 706, a Vickers Vanguard turboprop flying from London's Heathrow Airport to Salzburg, Austria, breaks up in mid-air and crashes near Aarsele, Belgium, after suffering explosive decompression; all 63 people on board are killed.
- October 10 – Aeroflot Flight 773, a Tupolev Tu-104, breaks up and crashes near Baranovo, Naro-Fominsky District, Russia when a bomb placed in the cabin explodes; all 25 on board die.
- November 10 – A Merpati Nusantara Vickers Viscount 828 crashes in the Indian Ocean off the west coast of Sumatra, Indonesia, on approach to Tabing Airport in Padang, due to poor visibility in bad weather; all 69 people on board are killed.
- November 24 – Northwest Orient Airlines Flight 305, a Boeing 727 flying from Portland, Oregon, to Seattle, Washington, United States, is hijacked by an unidentified person who parachutes from the aircraft mid-flight after extorting US$200,000 of ransom money from the US government; the aircraft lands safely and all 41 on board are unharmed, but the perpetrator is never apprehended.
- December 1 – Aeroflot Flight 2174, an Antonov An-24, loses control and crashes on approach to Saratov Airport due to wing icing, killing all 57 on board.
- December 24 – LANSA Flight 508, a Lockheed L-188 Electra en route from Lima to Pucallpa, Peru, breaks apart in mid-air during a thunderstorm and crashes in the Amazon Rainforest; of the 92 on board, the sole survivor is a German teenager who falls 2 miles (3.2 km) strapped to her seat, and then walks for 10 days
- through the rainforest before being rescued by local lumbermen.
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